The Effect of Transformational Leadership and Transactional Leadership on Organizational Innovation Mediated by Various Knowledge at Mandala Waluya University Kendari
Keywords:
Transformational Leadership, Transactional Leadership, Knowledge Diversity, Organizational InnovationAbstract
This study analyzes the influence of transformational leadership and transactional leadership on organizational innovation, with knowledge diversity as a mediating variable at Mandala Waluya University Kendari. Using a quantitative approach and Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis through SmartPLS 4, the research involved 118 respondents consisting of lecturers and administrative staff. The findings indicate that transformational leadership has a positive yet not entirely significant effect on organizational innovation, whereas transactional leadership shows a positive and significant effect. Knowledge diversity is proven to significantly mediate the relationship between both leadership styles and organizational innovation. These results emphasize that the effectiveness of leadership in fostering innovation largely depends on how well knowledge is managed, distributed, and utilized within the university environment. Therefore, strengthening a knowledge-sharing culture and organizational capacity becomes essential in supporting sustainable innovation.
Downloads
References
Al-Husseini, S. (2021). Transformational leadership and organizational innovation: The mediating role of knowledge
Armansyah. (2022). Kepemimpinan dalam Organisasi. Jakarta: Prenadamedia Group.
Avolio, B. J., & Bass, B. M. (2004). Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire: Manual and Sampler Set (3rd ed.). Redwood City, CA: Mind Garden.
Bass, B. M. (1990). From transactional to transformational leadership: Learning to share the vision. Organizational Dynamics, 18(3), 19-31.
Bass, B. M., & Avolio, B. J. (1994). Improving organizational effectiveness through transformational leadership. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Burns, J. M. (1978). Leadership. New York: Harper & Row.
Cohen, W. M., & Levinthal, D. A. (1990). Absorptive capacity: A new perspective on learning and innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35(1), 128-152.
Daft, R. L. (2001). Organization theory and design (7th ed.). Cincinnati, OH: South-Western College Publishing.
Damanpour, F. (1991). Organizational innovation: A metaanalysis of effects of determinants and moderators. Academy of Management Journal, 34(3), 555-590.
Damanpour, F., & Evan, W. M. (1984). Organizational innovation and performance: The problem of organizational lag. Administrative Science Quarterly, 29(3), 392-409.
Grant, R. M. (1996). Toward a knowledge-based theory of the firm. Strategic Management Journal, 17(S2), 109-122.
Ha, N. T. (2025). Transformational leadership and innovation capability in higher education: The mediating role of organizational learning. Higher Education Research, 40(2), 112-128.
Iswahyudi. (2023). Kepemimpinan dan Perubahan Organisasi. Surabaya: Airlangga University Press.Jurnal Administrasi dan Manajemen Pendidikan, 36(2), 201219.
Khoshnaw, H., & Karadas, G. (2025). Transactional leadership and innovation: A contradictory relationship in higher education institutions. International Journal of Educational Management, 39(1), 77-95.
Le, P. T., & Tran, Q. D. (2020). Organizational innovation: A key driver for performance in higher education institutions. Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy, 9(3), 372-390.
Liu, Y., & Zainal, A. (2024). Knowledge sharing and organizational innovation: Evidence from higher education institutions in Asia. Journal of Knowledge Management, 28(5), 945-963.
Makumbe, P. (2024). Transformational leadership, knowledge sharing, and innovation in universities: An African perspective. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 27(4), 512-528.
Mumtaz, R., Ahmed, K., & Rauf, S. (2024). Transactional leadership and employee innovative behavior: The moderating role of organizational culture. Journal of
Nonaka, I., & Takeuchi, H. (1995). The knowledge-creating company. New York: Oxford University Press.
Northouse, P. G. (2016). Leadership: Theory and practice (7th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Nugroho, D. (2025). Knowledge sharing as a determinant of organizational innovation in Indonesian higher education. Jurnal Manajemen dan Inovasi Pendidikan, 10(1), 45-60.
OECD. (2005). Oslo Manual: Guidelines for collecting and interpreting innovation data (3rd ed.). Paris: OECD Publishing.Organizational Change Management, 37(2), 213-230.
Rogers, E. M. (2003). Diffusion of innovations (5th ed.). New York: Free Press.
Sitorus, M., & Hendratmoko, T. (2024). The role of transformational and transactional leadership on organizational innovation in Indonesian universities.
Tidd, J., & Bessant, J. (2014). Strategic management. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
Wardani. (2020). Kepemimpinan Transformasional dalam Pendidikan. Surakarta: UNS Press.
Wibowo. (2014). Manajemen Kinerja. Jakarta: Rajawali Pers.
